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Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Wed Nov 18, 2009 10:12 am
by gedd
Hi osdev world !
I try to use grub to load my own kernel wich is in pe format.
I have read the few tutorials on subject, mainly this one
http://www.srenevasan.org/~kaushik/articles/pe.html
Grub load my kernel and Invariably give an error 13
Here is my code
Code: Select all
// init.cpp : définit le point d'entrée pour l'application console.
//
#include "init.h"
__declspec(naked) void __multiboot_entry__(void)
{
__asm{
multiboot_header:
dd(0x1BADB002) ; magic
dd(1 << 16)|(1<<0)|(1<<1) ; flags
dd(-(0x1BADB002 + ((1 << 16)|(1<<0)|(1<<1)))) ; checksum
dd(0x00101000) ; header_addr
dd(0x00101000) ; load_addr
dd(0x00102000) ; load_end_addr
dd(0x00102000) ; bss_end_addr
dd(0x00101030) ; entry_addr
dd(0x00000000) ; mode_type
dd(0x00000000) ; width
dd(0x00000000) ; height
dd(0x00000000) ; depth
kernel_entry:
mov esp, KERNEL_STACK
xor ecx, ecx
push ecx
popf
push ebx
push eax
call main
jmp $
}
}
void main(unsigned long magic, unsigned long addr)
{
char *string = "Hello World!", *ch;
unsigned short *vidmem = (unsigned short *) 0xB8000;
int i;
for(ch = string, i = 0; *ch; ch++, i++)
vidmem[i] = (unsigned char) *ch | 0x0700;
}
And here is my kernel (init) map file
Code: Select all
init
Timestamp is 4b041946 (Wed Nov 18 16:56:54 2009)
Preferred load address is 00100000
Start Length Name Class
0001:00000000 000000acH .text CODE
0002:00000000 0000000dH .rdata DATA
Address Publics by Value Rva+Base Lib:Object
0001:00000000 ?__multiboot_entry__@@YGXXZ 00101000 f init.obj
0001:00000050 _main 00101050 f init.obj
0002:00000000 ??_C@_0N@GCDOMLDM@Hello?5World?$CB?$AA@ 00102000 init.obj
entry point at 0000:00000000
Static symbols
I have checked that multiboot header is at the begining of the kernel, it's ok
My opinion is that the header has bad values but i can be wrong.
Does anyone has an idea ?
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Wed Nov 18, 2009 3:26 pm
by Combuster
it could be the alignment, the wrong values for the a.out kludge fields.
And even if you got GRUB to accept it, there are tons of other things that might go wrong if you do not know exactly what you are doing. ELF is so much easier on beginners.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Wed Nov 18, 2009 5:09 pm
by gedd
OK, but i'm not really a beginner in fact, so i know what i'm doing and what i have already done.
Elf on windows platform is not really much easier since you must use cygwin, cross compiler and command prompt (or eventually Eclipse).
I just want make my PE kernel to be multiboot compliant and eventually avoid bootsector and loader asm 16 bits code.
LD script has no equivalent on Visual Studio and it is much complicated
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 9:25 am
by Creature
gedd wrote:Elf on windows platform is not really much easier since you must use cygwin, cross compiler and command prompt (or eventually Eclipse).
Off-Topic:
Yes, it requires some time to build, yes it is a bit slower (unless using MinGW), but the positive points outweight most of the cons on Windows, IMO; ELF is very well documented (unlike PE), you have access to linker scripts and a new toolchain can easily be integrated in almost any IDE (Visual Studio, Eclipse, Code::Blocks, ...). In short, it's much easier to develop an ELF kernel for a lot of people.
On-topic:
Are you sure the offsets of the different sections are correct and that this object file is linked first (in case there is more than one object file)?
Finally, I assume all your VC++ compilation and linkage settings are perfectly fine, since the article seems to be missing some extra options. BrokenThorn also has
some useful tutorials on a VC++ PE kernel if you're interested.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 11:42 am
by gedd
Off topic :
Creature wrote: ELF is very well documented (unlike PE)
Sorry you loosed !
try
http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/pl ... ECOFF.mspx
and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable especialy external links
Argument over !
Pe on Visual studio (just install) is easier than elf on cygwin (install + compile cross compiler + integrate on your IDE)
Like elf is easier on linux with Kdevelop for instance
On-topic:
I have read and used Brokenthorn tutorials more than a year ago to develop my OS.
It seems to have been updated recently. No Grub sample but a little option decribed that can be very usefull : /STUB
So thanks you Creature !
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 11:59 am
by Creature
Still, PE is less documented than ELF is and you'll still have an advantage when using the latter one because almost everyone on these forums uses that format (thus they know the problems they experienced with it and will be of better help to you).
Also remember that the VC++ compiler is not
natively available (not referring to WINE, which apparently supports only the command line version) on Linux/Unix/... systems (VC++ compiler), so if you were to ever switch, or there were to be more project members (which coincidentally happen to be on a Linux system), they can't (or would need a workaround) to participate in development.
Besides, I'm not sure (I'm no native English speaker), but doesn't this:
License Agreement wrote:
Microsoft will grant a royalty-free license, under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions, to any Microsoft patent claims (if any exist) that Microsoft deems necessary for the limited purpose of implementing and complying with the required portions of this specification only in the software development tools known as compilers, linkers, and assemblers targeting Microsoft Windows.
mean that you can only use the specification to create executables targeting Windows, or am I wrong?
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 1:28 pm
by gravaera
I read the specification a while ago, and I do remember it also providing for the creation of PE parsers/loaders on non Windows environments for the purpose of supporting windows drivers within the foreign environment. Apart from that, there is a long, tedious legal prologue which pretty much tries to use scare tactics to tell you not to use the PE format outside of Windows.
Pretty stupid, seeing as PE is nothing that innovative, and I wouldn't much call it intellectual property, seeing as it's not that deeply intellectual. Also, I don't get why they'd go to so much trouble to protect essentially a wrapper around binary code. Honestly...
Of course, everyone has the right to protect his competitive advantage, but I think the restrictions on PE, for example, or MASM (as I've found out based on a recent thread where neon and several other members discussed it), are really unnecessary, and extend into the domain of pure pettiness. It is their right, of course, but you don't have to exercise every single right bestowed upon you.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 1:55 pm
by Creature
gravaera wrote:I read the specification a while ago, and I do remember it also providing for the creation of PE parsers/loaders on non Windows environments for the purpose of supporting windows drivers within the foreign environment. Apart from that, there is a long, tedious legal prologue which pretty much tries to use scare tactics to tell you not to use the PE format outside of Windows.
Pretty stupid, seeing as PE is nothing that innovative, and I wouldn't much call it intellectual property, seeing as it's not that deeply intellectual. Also, I don't get why they'd go to so much trouble to protect essentially a wrapper around binary code. Honestly...
Of course, everyone has the right to protect his competitive advantage, but I think the restrictions on PE, for example, or MASM (as I've found out based on a recent thread where neon and several other members discussed it), are really unnecessary, and extend into the domain of pure pettiness. It is their right, of course, but you don't have to exercise every single right bestowed upon you.
You are right. Still, suppose that you've worked on a PE kernel for 5 years, you've released it and it's pretty mature (and the use of PE outside Windows is indeed illegal). There is a chance that Microsoft will force you to take your project down. Thus, all your hard work is pretty much useless. You'll need to rewrite almost everything to support another format.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 2:32 pm
by neon
Hello,
Creature wrote:(and the use of PE outside Windows is indeed illegal)
If its illegal, what about ReactOS? I havnt seen them running into any legal issues and they have been in development for a very long time.
I do agree that ELF documentation is more available then PE. I personally do not think you should choose a file format or tool chain because everyone else uses it however. Maybe for a small (new OS developer) OS, but not for a real OS.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 3:52 pm
by Owen
WINE would probably be a better example
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Thu Nov 19, 2009 3:55 pm
by gedd
neon wrote:Hello,
Creature wrote:
(and the use of PE outside Windows is indeed illegal)
If its illegal, what about ReactOS? I havnt seen them running into any legal issues and they have been in development for a very long time.
And what about Mono, i remember you that all .net assemblies are in PE format
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Fri Nov 20, 2009 2:33 am
by quok
gedd wrote:neon wrote:Hello,
Creature wrote:
(and the use of PE outside Windows is indeed illegal)
If its illegal, what about ReactOS? I havnt seen them running into any legal issues and they have been in development for a very long time.
And what about Mono, i remember you that all .net assemblies are in PE format
And EFI binaries are all PE format as well. Too tired to look and see if the format is covered in the EFI specs, but I'm reasonably sure that it's not just mentioned as an aside.
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Fri Nov 20, 2009 2:55 am
by Kevin
gedd wrote:LD script has no equivalent on Visual Studio and it is much complicated
Not having an equivalent for linker scripts cleary is a disadvantage (I haven't checked if it's true for VS). For example, how are you going to ensure that the multiboot header will always be in the first 8k as your kernel grows?
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Fri Nov 20, 2009 3:15 am
by gedd
quok wrote:And EFI binaries are all PE format as well. Too tired to look and see if the format is covered in the EFI specs, but I'm reasonably sure that it's not just mentioned as an aside.
yes it's a way i'm exploring and if you are interesting on it, VirtualBox 3.1.0 Beta can create EFI compatible virtual machine
Re: Grub Error 13 with pe format kernel
Posted: Fri Nov 20, 2009 9:57 am
by Creature
neon wrote:Hello,
Creature wrote:(and the use of PE outside Windows is indeed illegal)
If its illegal, what about ReactOS? I havnt seen them running into any legal issues and they have been in development for a very long time.
I do agree that ELF documentation is more available then PE. I personally do not think you should choose a file format or tool chain because everyone else uses it however. Maybe for a small (new OS developer) OS, but not for a real OS.
True. But not being sued anymore doesn't mean that it's not illegal. Still, my intention was to say "if it's illegal". Microsoft has been on ReactOS' tail for quite some time and would probably grasp any opportunity at suing them, so that would lead to conclude that it's not illegal. Though, the license seems to say different (which was my original question).