Reserved memory

[8infy]

Hey everyone, sorry if this is a stupid question, i'm very much a beginner in osdev.

I know that a lot of physical address space is reserved for memory mapped devices, sometimes even gigabytes.
Does that mean that if I put in like 4 gigabytes of ram like half of it gets reserved?
Or does the bios somehow remap the memory so that I can access everything?
If so, does it actually map above 4 gigabytes? How does one even access that memory in 32 bit mode?
Or does some part of the RAM become unreachable? Also, can I manually remap it?

[PeterX]

Or does the bios somehow remap the memory so that I can access everything?

No!

Does that mean that if I put in like 4 gigabytes of ram like half of it gets reserved?

Yes, sort of. Don't know how much exactly.

If so, does it actually map above 4 gigabytes? How does one even access that memory in 32 bit mode?

No way. 32bit mode can't access more than 4GB.

Or does some part of the RAM become unreachable? Also, can I manually remap it?

Unreachable: Yes, see answer above. Remap: No.

Greetings
Peter

[8infy]

Or does the bios somehow remap the memory so that I can access everything?

No!

Does that mean that if I put in like 4 gigabytes of ram like half of it gets reserved?

Yes, sort of. Don't know how much exactly.

If so, does it actually map above 4 gigabytes? How does one even access that memory in 32 bit mode?

No way. 32bit mode can't access more than 4GB.

Or does some part of the RAM become unreachable? Also, can I manually remap it?

Unreachable: Yes, see answer above. Remap: No.

Greetings
Peter

But on my computer I have 32 gigabytes of memory and a ton of modern hardware and windows says that 31.9 is available, that doesn't seem right? So whats going on here? Or does it include the reserved memory as well?

[PeterX]

But on my computer I have 32 gigabytes of memory and a ton of modern hardware and windows says that 31.9 is available, that doesn't seem right? So whats going on here? Or does it include the reserved memory as well?

No it doesn't show reserved memory.
The footprint on reserved memory can be very small, I don't know why it differs on different machines.

Greetings
Peter

[Octocontrabass]

Does that mean that if I put in like 4 gigabytes of ram like half of it gets reserved?

Usually no, but it depends on the chipset.

Or does the bios somehow remap the memory so that I can access everything?

Usually yes, but it depends on the chipset.

If so, does it actually map above 4 gigabytes?

When the chipset is capable of remapping memory, yes.

How does one even access that memory in 32 bit mode?

PAE.

Or does some part of the RAM become unreachable?

Usually no, but it depends on the chipset.

Also, can I manually remap it?

You should let the firmware handle it.

[PeterX]

Uh, then I was wrong. Thanks for correcting me.

I kind of can't believe BIOS really remaps memory above 4GB!?

Greetings
Peter